Real-time facial expression capture is an essential part for on-line performance animation. For efficiency and robustness, special devices such as head-mounted cameras and face-attached markers have been used. However, these devices can possibly cause some discomfort that may hinder a face puppeteer from performing natural facial expressions. In this paper, we propose a comprehensive solution for real-time facial expression capture without any of such devices. Our basic idea is first to capture the 2D facial features and 3D head motion exploiting anthropometric knowledge and then to capture their time-varying 3D positions only due to facial expression. We adopt a Kalman filter to track the 3D features guided by their captured 2D positions while correcting their drift due to 3D head motion as well as removing noises.
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